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- <text id=89TT3059>
- <title>
- Nov. 20, 1989: America Abroad
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- Nov. 20, 1989 Freedom!
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 50
- America Abroad
- Washington's Captive Policy
- </hdr><body>
- <p>By Strobe Talbott/Tallinn
- </p>
- <p> The Soviet empire is disintegrating so quickly and in so
- many ways that neither Moscow nor Washington has been able to
- adjust its policies fast enough to keep up with events. Last
- week, while the East German regime went into free fall,
- nationalists in the Estonian parliament prepared to consider a
- resolution that explicitly challenges the legitimacy of Soviet
- rule and implicitly raises the possibility of an eventual
- declaration of independence.
- </p>
- <p> Late last month Mikhail Gorbachev privately encouraged the
- leaders of Estonia and the other two Baltic republics, Latvia
- and Lithuania, to keep pushing for "self-determination." But,
- Gorbachev continued, ``you must not demand that you leave the
- U.S.S.R." There were nods in the room from those who fear a
- violent Russian backlash against the Balts for their
- self-assertiveness and against Gorbachev himself for his
- tolerance of separatism.
- </p>
- <p> "We must guarantee that the process of evolving toward
- sovereignty in Estonia doesn't jeopardize perestroika in the
- Soviet Union," says Arnold Green, 69, a veteran government
- official in Tallinn. "Otherwise, it will be a catastrophe for
- all of us."
- </p>
- <p> But the caution of the Old Guard is giving way to the
- impatience of younger Estonians. They are gambling that the
- economic crisis of the U.S.S.R. is so severe and so all
- absorbing for the Kremlin -- and that preserving the goodwill
- of the outside world is so crucial -- that not even hard-liners
- will have the stomach for a crackdown. For a while, the Balts
- may settle for some kind of semiautonomous status in a far
- looser Soviet confederation. But in these dizzying times, "semi"
- may become a euphemism for almost total, and "a while" may be
- a matter of a few years rather than decades.
- </p>
- <p> The U.S. has its own Baltic dilemma. The American
- government never accepted the Soviet annexation of the republics
- 49 years ago. To this day, the State Department recognizes
- "legations" of anti-Communist emigres as the "representatives
- of the last free and legal governments" of their captive
- homelands. American diplomats have long avoided traveling to the
- Baltic capitals of Tallinn, Riga and Vilnius, since going there
- requires Moscow's permission.
- </p>
- <p> The diplomatic boycott made moral and political sense as
- long as Baltic independence seemed an impossible dream. Now the
- policy is applied too rigidly. An Estonian Deputy Prime
- Minister, Rein Otsason, and the republic's party ideologist,
- Mikk Titma, wanted to come to the U.S. recently to lay the
- foundation for what may be the next free government of their
- country. But the U.S. delayed the visitors' visas and gave them
- the official cold shoulder once they arrived.
- </p>
- <p> "The U.S. doesn't recognize Moscow's right to rule
- Estonia," complains Rein Veideman, a leader of the
- pro-independence Popular Front, "but it also doesn't recognize
- Tallinn's right."
- </p>
- <p> The months ahead are going to require finesse on everyone's
- part. The Balts have to be at least as clever as they are bold
- in defining sovereignty. Moscow is going to have to adopt an
- increasingly imaginative and elastic definition of what it
- means to be a republic of the U.S.S.R. And American policymakers
- ought to acknowledge that the kinds of people it once considered
- Kremlin quislings are now champions of the goal that the U.S.
- itself has advocated for nearly a half-century.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
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